Welcome to this deck on the present subjunctive in Spanish. This is a crucial topic for Higher Tier GCSE candidates. The subjunctive is a mood, not a tense, and it's used to talk about things that are subjective or uncertain, like wishes, doubts, and emotions. In this deck, we'll learn how to form it for regular and irregular verbs, and then explore the key situations where you must use it.

First, let's learn the rule for forming the present subjunctive for most verbs. It's a simple three-step process. One: take the 'yo' form of the verb in the present indicative tense. Two: drop the final 'o'. Three: add the 'opposite' ending. This means for A R verbs, you'll add E R endings, and for E R and I R verbs, you'll add A R endings.

Let's look at regular A R verbs, like 'hablar', which means 'to speak'. The 'yo' form is 'hablo'. We drop the 'o' to get 'habl', and then add the opposite endings, which are: e, es, e, emos, éis, en. So the subjunctive forms are: hable, hables, hable, hablemos, habléis, hablen.

Now for regular E R and I R verbs. Let's take 'comer', to eat, and 'vivir', to live. The 'yo' forms are 'como' and 'vivo'. We drop the 'o' and add the opposite A R endings: a, as, a, amos, áis, an. So for 'comer' we get: coma, comas, coma, comamos, comáis, coman. And for 'vivir': viva, vivas, viva, vivamos, viváis, vivan.