Welcome to this deck on advanced relative pronouns for Higher Tier GCSE French. Relative pronouns are small but powerful words like 'who', 'that', 'which', 'where', and 'whose'. They allow you to connect ideas and build more complex, impressive sentences. Mastering them is key to achieving the higher grades. We will cover the four main relative pronouns: qui, que, où, and dont.

Let's start with 'qui'. 'Qui' means 'who' or 'that' and it replaces the subject of the clause that follows. Because it's the subject, it is almost always followed directly by a verb. For example, 'J'ai un ami qui habite à Paris' means 'I have a friend who lives in Paris'. Here, 'qui' refers to 'un ami' and is the subject of the verb 'habite'.

Next is 'que'. 'Que' means 'that' or 'which' and it replaces the direct object of the following clause. Because the object is replaced, the clause will still have its own subject. So, 'que' is usually followed by a subject, like a noun or a pronoun. For example, 'Le livre que je lis est bon' means 'The book that I am reading is good'. 'Que' refers to 'le livre', the object of the verb 'lis'. Note that 'que' becomes 'qu' before a vowel sound, as in 'le film qu'il a vu'.