In this deck, we'll explore the required practical for investigating thermal insulation. We'll look at how to find out which materials are best at stopping heat from escaping. You'll learn how to set up the experiment, identify the different types of variables, and draw a valid conclusion from the results.

In any scientific experiment, it's crucial to understand the variables. The independent variable is the one thing you decide to change. The dependent variable is what you measure to see the effect of that change. Finally, control variables are all the things you must keep the same to make sure it's a fair test.

Now for the control variables. To ensure a fair comparison, we must keep several factors constant for each material we test. For example, the container we put the hot water in should be identical each time, and we must use the same amount of water, starting at the same temperature.