In this deck, we'll explore three ways to move a shape without changing its size or shape. These are called geometric transformations. We'll cover reflections, which are like flips; rotations, which are turns; and translations, which are slides.

An important idea in transformations is that the original shape and the transformed shape are congruent. This means all their side lengths and angles are identical. The only things that change are the shape's position and its orientation, which means which way it's facing.

Transformations are a very visual topic. While we will learn all the rules and definitions here, becoming confident requires practice on squared paper. We strongly recommend you use this deck to learn the concepts, and then try out some exam questions with a pen and paper.

Let's start with the simplest transformation: a translation. A translation is simply sliding a shape from one place to another without flipping or turning it. Every point on the shape moves the exact same distance in the exact same direction.