Welcome to this deck on the required practical for titration. Titration is a very accurate technique used in chemistry to find out the exact volume of an acid needed to neutralise a specific volume of an alkali. This allows us to calculate the concentration of one of the solutions if we know the concentration of the other. We will go through the equipment, the step-by-step method, and how to get reliable results. For higher tier students, we will also cover the calculations involved.

To carry out a titration accurately, we use specific pieces of glassware. A pipette, along with a pipette filler for safety, is used to measure out a very precise, fixed volume of the alkali. A burette, which is a long glass tube with a tap at the bottom, is used to add the acid. It lets us add the acid a small amount at a time and measure the exact volume we've used. Finally, the reaction itself takes place in a conical flask.

The first step is to measure the alkali. Using a pipette filler, you draw a precise volume of alkali, for example 25 centimetres cubed, into a pipette. It's crucial to read the volume with your eye level with the bottom of the meniscus, which is the curved surface of the liquid. You then transfer this alkali into a clean conical flask.